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Archive for 'Environment'

Natural Gas Reserves

The combustible part of natural gas (NG) consists mainly of methane (CH4) with some admixture of heavier hydrocarbons (ethane, propane, and butane). However, frequently noncombustible gases are found mixed with NG, namely, N2 and CO2. For example, the recently discovered gas fields off the coast of the Indonesian archipelago contain up to 70% by volume [...]

Petroleum Reserves

The terms petroleum and mineral oil, or oil for short, are synonymous. The crude oil that is found in various parts of the world differs in quality and composition, depending on the biological origin and geological history. It is found in geological reservoirs under the ground or under the seabed at depths up to several [...]

Coal Reserves

Coal is found practically on every continent and subcontinent. It is found buried deeply in the ground or under the seabed, or close to the surface. Coal characteristics vary widely according to its biological origin (forests, low growing vegetation, swamps, animals) and geological history (age, overburden, temperature, pressure). Thus, the chemical and physical characteristics of [...]

Energy sources and consumption

Energy sources that have big contribution on technology and many other sector that brought our day more easy, are comes primary energy and other secondary energy sources. The primary energy sources supplying the world’s energy consumption in 1997 were petroleum (39%), coal (25%), natural gas (21.5%), nuclear-electric (6.3%), hydroelectric (7.5%), and geothermal and other renewables [...]

Pollution against environment

As we have describe it in previous articles, the rapid increase of technology, and transportation sector have consumed more natural earth energy. Those energy not entirely got no side effect, green house effect, air pollution, etc. are some examples of the side effect. Most of those pollution are coming from industry sector. To address the [...]